Picking a reusable mask: Breathability vs filtration efficiency

ST Paper, 15 Nov 2020
Picking a reusable mask: Breathability v filtration efficiency

{Extract}

Working with lab experts from local testing and inspection company Setsco Services, a particle filtration efficiency (PFE) test was conducted to measure how well the mask prevents tiny respiratory droplets – at 0.1 microns or one millionth of a metre – from escaping.

A good mask should have a PFE rate of at least 95 per cent.

The surgical masks had a PFE range of more than 98 per cent, while most reusable masks had a PFE range of 0 to 20 per cent, with the exception of sample four – the triple-layered mask in black – which had a PFE of 88.51 per cent.

This means that most of the reusable masks were not very efficient at filtering 0.1 micron particles but they may filter particles that are larger in size.

COVID-19 myth-busters: fact or fiction

TNP, 27 Feb 2020, COVID-19 myth-busters: fact or fiction

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Inform AVA when you sell or give away your dog

TODAY, 31 Jan 2017, New pet dog licensing rules to kick in from March 1: AVA

{Extract}

SINGAPORE – From March 1, pet businesses must ensure that all dogs intended for sale are licensed by the Agri-Food & Veterinary Authority of Singapore (AVA) before they are sold, the authority said on Tuesday (Jan 31). Pet businesses include pet importers, dog farms and pet shops.

To ensure that pet dogs continue to be licensed and traceable when they are sold, pet businesses must also transfer the ownership of the dogs to their new owners upon sale, which can be done using the AVA’s online Pet Animal Licensing System (PALS).

In addition, individual dog owners who sell or give away their dogs will have to inform AVA that they are no longer keeping the dogs. These owners will also be required to provide AVA with the particulars of the dog’s new owners, which can also be done using PALS.

….

For example, the licence fee for one to 10 dogs is S$50 per annum, while the fees for having 101 to 200 dogs is S$1,000 per annum.

Those convicted of keeping an unlicensed dog face a fine of up to $5,000, while recalcitrant pet businesses may have their licences suspended or revoked, said the AVA.

For more information, visit the AVA’s website or call the 24-hour hotline at 1800 476 1600.

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Private surgeons’ fees to be publicised

TODAY, 6 Oct 2016, Private surgeons’ fees to be publicised

{Extract}

SINGAPORE — The public can now get a sense of how much private hospitals charge for various surgical procedures, down to the surgeons’ and anaesthetists’ fees, with the Ministry of Health (MOH) now including total operation fees of the private sector among the data published on its website.

….

For the private sector, the total operation fees are broken down into three components — surgeon fees, anaesthetist fees and procedure-related facility fees. The MOH said there is no equivalent breakdown for public hospitals, as surgeons and anaesthetists in public hospitals do not charge a separate fee.

…..

But the data published are not fee guidelines, and while they are “usually helpful” for common elective conditions when patients have the time to choose, they may not be helpful in emergencies, said Dr Wong.

Total Operation Fees – By Procedure
Total Hospital Bills – By condition/procedure

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Installing CCTV cam? Get approval first

MyPaper, 7 Oct 2014
Installing CCTV cam? Get approval first
MELODY NG and LAKEISHA LEO

….

But what many people do not know is that it is illegal to install these cameras outside their flats without permission from the town council and Housing Board. However, the police may install CCTV cameras for the purpose of deterring crime after seeking prior approval from the town council, the Nee Soon Town Council told The New Paper (TNP).

….

When contacted, the town council told TNP that the installation of CCTV cameras is generally not allowed on common property, including corridors and areas outside flats.

Residents who wish to install such cameras have to seek approval from the HDB.

….

HDB told TNP that, while it does not allow residents to install CCTV cameras, exceptions can be made in cases which involve harassment or security issues.

“However, only one camera can be installed and it is to be used for the surveillance of the area immediately outside the flat,” said the agency.

Approval is only temporary, for a period of up to six months or until the issue has been resolved, whichever is earlier, it added. After that, residents have to remove their CCTV cameras.

 

MOH to Publish Data on Total Operation Fees for Common Procedures

Background

Total Operation Fees

This section provides details on the ‘Total Operation Fee’ charged at public hospitals for common surgical procedures. ‘Total Operation Fee’ is a component of the total hospital bill which comprises ‘Surgeon Fee’, ‘Anaesthetist Fee’ and ‘Facility Fee’. There is no direct link between ‘Total Operation Fee’, ‘Surgeon Fee’ or ‘Anaesthetist Fee’ and Doctors’ pay.

The publication aims to provide greater transparency of this component, complementing MOH’s existing publication of total hospital bills for common conditions/ procedures.